The Early Childhood Intervention Working Group (ECI) is convened for the first As a part of the Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group, the goals of ECI are to investigate the early origins of inequality and their lifetime consequences, and to study the provision of equality of opportunity from birth. The leaders of ECI believe that the study of early childhood interventions can lead to equality and justice. To accomplish its goals, ECI encourages non-economists, young investigators, and those out of the mainstream who are not just promoting the standard lines to challenge and renew economic thought. At this conference, ECI focused on the theoretical and practical aspects of early childhood interventions. In terms of theory, important questions about methodology and the evaluation of early childhood interventions were discussed. In terms of practice, some methods being used and those using them will be introduced.